Rajasthan: Efforts to Gain International Recognition for the Tribal Community's Folk Ritual 'Gavri'

Udaipur- Udaipur's Deputy Director of Tourism, Shikha Saxena, has sent a proposal to the District Collector, urging the initiation of efforts to seek recognition for "Gavri" in UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage list under the category of Performing Arts/Festive Events.

Gavri is one of the oldest folk rituals of Mewar, Rajasthan. Performed annually by the Bhil-Gameti tribes, it is more than just a traditional dance; it is a spiritual practice (लोक साधना), deeply rooted in the cultural and religious beliefs of the community. The ritual begins with a strict 40-day fast observed after the festival of Raksha Bandhan and involves a series of performances that blend dance and drama.

Gavri features wooden weapons, clay-made musical instruments like the "Mandal," and other symbolic props, indicating its origins predating the knowledge of metalworking. The performances, known as "खेल," "भाव," or "सांग," are enacted by men, even in female roles, and are an expression of devotion that transcends familial and social duties for the duration of the ritual.

At its core, Gavri revolves around the story of Shiva and Parvati, emphasizing the preservation of nature. The performances never go against the principles of environmental conservation. "Badliya Hindwa," one of the most popular acts, emphasizes the significance of saving trees at all costs. This notion finds its roots in ancient beliefs concerning the protection of the environment, which echoes through various scriptures like the Brahmavaivarta Purana, Padma Purana, and agricultural systems such as Krishi Parashar and Kashyapaya farming.

Gavri also upholds the importance of respecting daughters, forming an intrinsic part of Mewar's cultural legacy for centuries. According to tradition, the Gavri from a specific village only performs in villages where sisters and daughters from their native village are married. The performance becomes an occasion of celebration and bonding, where all the sisters and daughters come together to witness the Gavari. 

Speaking with The Mooknayak, Saxena emphasized that Gavri’s rich mythology and historical significance not only strengthen community ties but also serve as a means of educating younger generations about their heritage. The ritual, which primarily takes place in Udaipur and Rajsamand districts, fosters a network of inter-village solidarity and contributes to the preservation of tribal identity.

Given that Gavri has no formal script or school for learning, the only way to pass on its traditions is through hands-on participation. Including Gavri in UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage list would provide it with a global platform and help ensure its survival and continued relevance.

Saxena noted that this effort is crucial to keeping the spirit of Gavri alive and honoring the cultural richness of the Bhil community. Saxena also emphasize that Gavri is a "लोक साधना" rather than a folk dance, recognizing it as a religious practice. She stated that the performers should be called "साधक" (practitioners) instead of folk performers, as they view their participation as a form of spiritual devotion.

The proposal to include Gavri in UNESCO’s list is seen as an essential step toward securing international recognition for this unique cultural practice, thereby ensuring its preservation and promoting the rich cultural heritage of Rajasthan on the world stage.